Package: guess 0.5.0

Gaurav Sood

guess: Adjust Estimates of Learning for Guessing

Provides tools to adjust estimates of learning for guessing-related bias in educational and survey research. Implements standard guessing correction methods and a sophisticated latent class model that leverages informative pre-post test transitions to account for guessing behavior. The package helps researchers obtain more accurate estimates of actual learning when respondents may guess on closed-ended knowledge items. For theoretical background and empirical validation, see Cor and Sood (2018) <https://gsood.com/research/papers/guess.pdf>.

Authors:Gaurav Sood [aut, cre], Ken Cor [aut]

guess_0.5.0.tar.gz
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manual.pdf |manual.html
DESCRIPTION |NEWS
card.svg |card.png
guess/json (API)

# Install 'guess' in R:
install.packages('guess', repos = c('https://finite-sample.r-universe.dev', 'https://cloud.r-project.org'))

Bug tracker:https://github.com/finite-sample/guess/issues

Pkgdown/docs site:https://finite-sample.github.io

On CRAN:

Conda:

adjust-estimatesbiaslearning

5.23 score 3 stars 19 scripts 161 downloads 26 exports 14 dependencies

Last updated from:6397e949dd. Checks:9 OK. Indexed: yes.

TargetResultTimeFilesSyslog
linux-devel-x86_64OK142
source / vignettesOK193
linux-release-x86_64OK136
macos-release-arm64OK163
macos-oldrel-arm64OK137
windows-develOK85
windows-releaseOK92
windows-oldrelOK102
wasm-releaseOK92

Exports:cross_sectional_irtcross_sectional_learningcv_individualscv_itemsestimate_abilityfit_dkfit_modelfit_nodkgroup_adjlca_adjlca_corlca_fitlca_irtlca_selog_likelihoodmulti_transmatnonaperplexity_individualsperplexity_itemsposterior_class_probsposterior_learnedsimulate_lcasimulate_lca_dkstnd_cortransmatvalidate_recovery

Dependencies:backportscheckmatecodetoolsdigestfuturefuture.applyglobalslistenvnumDerivparallellyRcppRcppArmadilloRsolnptruncnorm

Model Validation: Latent Class Framework for Measuring Learning
Introduction | Typical Workflow | Step 1: Prepare Your Data | Step 2: Compute Naive Learning Estimate | Step 3: Fit the LCA Model | Step 4: Extract and Interpret Results | Step 5: Get Standard Errors via Bootstrap | Step 6: Assess Model Fit | Step 7: Compare Across Groups (Optional) | The Latent Class Model | Three Latent Classes | Cell Probability Derivation | Worked Example | Identification | Implementation Verification | Parameter Recovery Demonstration | Monte Carlo Validation | Bias Assessment | Standard Error Assessment | Coverage Assessment | Visualization | Sample Size Effects | DK Model Extension | Using validate_recovery() | Individual-Level Learning Recovery | The Key Insight | Computing Posterior Class Probabilities | Comparison with Cross-Sectional IRT | Monte Carlo Comparison | Effect of Gamma (Guessing Rate) | Interpreting Posterior Probabilities | Conclusion | References | Session Info

Last update: 2026-04-08
Started: 2026-04-08

Using guess
guess: Adjust Estimates of Learning for Guessing | Measuring Learning: | Estimand | Other Issues | Standard Correction for Guessing | Latent Class Correction for Guessing | Installation | Usage | Transition Matrix | Adjusting Using the Latent Class Model | Adjust by Groups | Standard Errors | Fit | Model Criticism: Perplexity and Cross-Validation | Perplexity from aggregated data (items) | Perplexity from individual data | Cross-validation over items | Cross-validation over individuals | Model comparison | Simulation and Parameter Recovery Validation | Basic simulation (No-DK model) | Simulation with Don't Know responses | Comprehensive parameter recovery validation | Statistical Efficiency: Sample Size and Parameter Recovery | Sample Size Effect | Number of Items Effect | Parameter Scenarios | Why Individual-Level Data Provides Efficiency Gains

Last update: 2026-04-08
Started: 2015-10-21

Readme and manuals

Help Manual

Help pageTopics
Calculate expected values for goodness of fit testcalculate_expected_values
Extract coefficients from guess_fitcoef.guess_fit
Cross-sectional IRT learning probabilitycross_sectional_irt
Cross-sectional learning estimatecross_sectional_learning
K-fold cross-validation over individualscv_individuals
K-fold cross-validation over itemscv_items
Estimate ability from single timepoint (cross-sectional)estimate_ability
Goodness of fit statistics for transition matrix datafit_dk fit_model fit_nodk
Format transition matrix result with appropriate row and column namesformat_transition_matrix
Group Level Adjustment That Accounts for Propensity to Guessgroup_adj
Person Level Adjustmentlca_adj
Calculate item level and aggregate learninglca_cor
Fit LCA model from individual-level datalca_fit
Estimate LCA model with IRT difficulty parameterizationlca_irt
Bootstrapped standard errors of effect size estimateslca_se
Calculate log-likelihood for transition datalog_likelihood
Creates a transition matrix for each item.multi_transmat
No NAsnona
Calculate perplexity from individual-level dataperplexity_individuals
Calculate perplexity from aggregated item dataperplexity_items
Compute posterior class probabilitiesposterior_class_probs
Compute posterior probability of learningposterior_learned
Print method for guess_cvprint.guess_cv
Print method for guess_fitprint.guess_fit
Simulation Functions for LCA Modelssimulate_lca
Simulate Pre-Post Test Data (DK Model)simulate_lca_dk
Standard Guessing Correction for Learningstnd_cor
Summary method for guess_cvsummary.guess_cv
Summary method for guess_fitsummary.guess_fit
transmat: Cross-wave transition matrixtransmat
Validate that two data frames have compatible dimensionsvalidate_compatible_dataframes
Validate gamma parametervalidate_gamma
Validate lucky vector for standard correctionvalidate_lucky_vector
Validate prior parametersvalidate_priors
Validate Parameter Recovery via Monte Carlo Simulationvalidate_recovery
Validate transition matrix valuesvalidate_transition_values